"Wal-Mart's scope as a retailer is vast. But it's not just the number and dispersion of its more than 2,600 stores -- there's the number of its customers, the volume of its traffic and the variety of its merchandise. And for years, Wal-Mart's been capturing, storing and analyzing highly detailed, real-time information about every transaction. Probably no other retailer -- and surely, no government statistical bureau -- possesses as much high-quality information about the American public's buying preferences."
Related material:
05/21/01 update: Wal-Mart's Power Play.
08/20/01 update: Customer Data Means Money.
11/27/04 update: What Wal-Mart Knows About Customers' Habits.